[Answer] Which philosopher said, "I think, therefore I am"?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "Which philosopher said, "I think, therefore I am"?"

...René Descartes was a 17th-century French philosopher best known for the groundbreaking statement "Cogito, ergo sum" which translates to "I think, therefore I am." The phrase is considered the "first principle" of Descartes' philosophy and is the result of his search for a statement that could not be doubted. This profound insight became a cornerstone of Western philosophy, as it asserted that the very act of doubting proved the existence of a thinking being. Hence, the act of thinking itself became undeniable proof of his own existence.

[Answer] 6. When Paul Simon sang "I'm going to Graceland, Memphis, Tennessee/I'm going to Graceland/Poorboys and families/And we are going to Graceland", which singer's home was he going to visit?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "6. When Paul Simon sang "I'm going to Graceland, Memphis, Tennessee/I'm going to Graceland/Poorboys and families/And we are going to Graceland", which singer's home was he going to visit?"

...1. Patsy Cline 2. Frank Sinatra 3. Jimi Hendrix 4. Elvis Presley Not surprisingly, references to "the King" abound in popular music. In fact, there are so many that a Wikipedia page devoted to "songs about Elvis Presley" divides these songs into three categories - those that clearly reference Elvis, songs with "substantial references" to Elvis, and those with "nominal references". All told, Wikipedia lists over 100 such songs! While Paul Simon's 1986 song about his trip to Graceland with his nine year old son might not mention Elvis directly, I still prefer it to songs like "I Saw Elvis at the Walmart" and similar tunes.

[Answer] 5. The polar bear is now classified as a 'vulnerable species'. What is widely considered to be the greatest threat to their survival?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "5. The polar bear is now classified as a 'vulnerable species'. What is widely considered to be the greatest threat to their survival?"

...1. Hunting 2. Global warming 3. Land development 4. Pollution The major danger of global warming is starvation and malnutrition secondary to their habitat loss. Polar bears hunt seals on a platform of sea ice, the rising temperatures are causing thinner ice which makes it much harder for the bears to get to the seals. The ice is also melting much earlier in the year which means they have to go back to shore before they have enough fat reserves to survive the summer, they also have to swim longer distances to get there which uses up even more of their energy reserves. All of this malnourishment also leads to lower reproduction rates and lower survival rates for those cubs that are born. Polar bears have black skin and white fur, although the outer layer of guard hairs are actually transparent.

[Answer] 4. Claudia Alta Taylor was born in Karnack, Texas. Her future husband was a Senator from Texas and elected vice president in 1960. Who did she marry in 1940?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "4. Claudia Alta Taylor was born in Karnack, Texas. Her future husband was a Senator from Texas and elected vice president in 1960. Who did she marry in 1940?"

...1. Lyndon Baines Johnson 2. Richard Nixon 3. Gerald Ford 4. Ronald Reagan Claudia Alta Taylor was born in Karnack, Texas, the daughter of a wealthy business man. She used part of her inheritance to buy a radio station in 1943, in Austin, Texas. In 1952 she purchased a television station, also in Austin. She was a successful businesswoman, and was the first president's wife to become a millionare in her own right.

[Answer] 3. A sudden, fierce rain storm might be described in what totally illogical manner?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "3. A sudden, fierce rain storm might be described in what totally illogical manner?"

...1. It's raining cats and dogs 2. It's a real gully washer 3. It's really coming down out there 4. It's raining, you know "Raining cats and dogs" comes from 17th century England. Excessive rain and unsanitary conditions could cause the carcasses of dead animals to be washed into the streets.

[Answer] 2. Which of these is the name of a beach located near the base of Diamond Head?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "2. Which of these is the name of a beach located near the base of Diamond Head?"

...1. Hapuna Beach 2. Waikiki Beach 3. Kaimuki Beach 4. Manana Beach Waikiki is also the name of the neighborhood next to the beach. The beach is made of white sand. "Waikiki" is Hawaiian for "spouting fresh water".

[Answer] 1. A great fire in London in 1666 was noteworthy because, in addition to allegedly having a low death toll, it supposedly ended up wiping out which of the following?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "1. A great fire in London in 1666 was noteworthy because, in addition to allegedly having a low death toll, it supposedly ended up wiping out which of the following?"

...1. The Black Plague 2. Spanish Influenza 3. Cholera 4. Smallpox Better known as 'The Great Fire of London', this major event in the city's history lasted several days in 1666, destroying the vast majority of the structures therein. Starting in a bakery, the fire ended up spreading due to favorable winds, crossing rivers and eventually being stopped by strategic breaks. Considering the property losses, the efforts were still considered a failure. Notably, however, the fire destroyed many of London's slums, and, shortly after the event they were noticeably free of the Black Plague. Though not as devastating as the Black Death pandemic three hundred years prior, it did wipe out tens of thousands in London alone before its eradication.