[Answer] 1. Which of the following diseases is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "1. Which of the following diseases is transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito?"

...1. Leishmaniasis 2. Leprosy 3. Malaria 4. Tuberculosis Malaria is found mostly in tropical and sub tropical climates. Symptoms of the disease include fever, chills, headache, muscle ache, nausea and vomiting. An affected person may give a history of having 'rigors', whereby they feel very cold and need extra covers and clothing to feel warm, then they begin to feel very hot. This hot stage is followed by an episode of uncontrollable shivering and the cycle repeats itself. These episodes of rigor are consistent with the pathophysiology of malaria. Because the red blood cells and liver are often affected, jaundice and anemia are common in persons with the disease. Preventative measures include use of mosquito nets and insect repellent, periodic spraying of insecticide and proper drainage and irrigation of land since stagnant water fosters breeding of mosquitoes. Leishmaniasis is transmitted by the sand fly. Leprosy is caused by the bacteria mycobacterium leprae. Although the mode of transmission is unclear, the disease is believed to spread from person to person through respiratory droplets. Tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is an air borne disease, therefore an infected person can spread the disease mainly through coughing, sneezing or talking.

[Answer] 2. Which disease caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted to humans through the bite of a TICK?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "2. Which disease caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi is transmitted to humans through the bite of a TICK?"

...1. Swine flu 2. Rabies 3. Yellow fever 4. Lyme disease An individual with Lyme disease may be asymptomatic. Other victims may have flu-like symptoms such as fever, chills, headache and muscle ache initially. Around the site of the tick bite, a red, ring-shaped rash which is referred to as a "bull's eye rash" is usually present. If not diagnosed and treated early, complications develop, and other symptoms present. These include: arthritis, enlarged, painful lymph nodes, neurological signs such as facial paralysis, stiff neck and altered mental status. A rash may be seen on other areas of the body apart from the site where the victim was bitten. Itching is also common.

[Answer] 7. The DTaP vaccine is a prevention mechanism for this pathogen, which is transmitted via aerosol droplets and leads to pseudomembrane formation in the throat.

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "7. The DTaP vaccine is a prevention mechanism for this pathogen, which is transmitted via aerosol droplets and leads to pseudomembrane formation in the throat."

...1. Actinomyces pyogenes 2. C. ulcerans 3. C. diphtheriae 4. C. jeikeium The DTaP vaccine contains diphtheria toxoid + tetanus toxoid + acellular Bordatella pertussis and protects against diphtheria.

[Answer] Which organism causes a sexually transmitted disease?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "Which organism causes a sexually transmitted disease?"

...Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of gonorrhea.