Step 1 : Introduction to the question "Which country is home to the most species of butterflies?"
...Scientists credit Peru with homing more than 3,700 species of butterflies, with many estimating the number as high as 4,200 species. This accounts for about 20 percent of the world's total butterfly population. The largest concentration of species is at Pakitza. This is an area within Manu National Park. The 4,000 hectares at Pakitza at one time housed over 1,300 species of butterflies. Peru's diversity of habitat and range of climatic conditions make it ideal terrain for butterflies. Source: TrueButterflies.com