[Answer] What archaeological discovery was key to deciphering ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs?

Step 1 : Introduction to the question "What archaeological discovery was key to deciphering ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs?"

...1. Tutankhamun's tomb 2. The Dead Sea Scrolls 3. The Rosetta Stone 4. The Terracotta Army

Step 2 : Answer to the question "What archaeological discovery was key to deciphering ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs?"

The Rosetta Stone - The Rosetta Stone wasn’t terribly important when it was first carved around 200 B.C. — it was merely a copy of a decree saying that the priests of the local temple supported the ruler Ptolemy V. But by the time Napoleon’s soldiers found the broken stone slab while digging in the town of Rashid (Rosetta) in the Nile Delta in 1799, scholars had long since lost the ability to read the Egyptian hieroglyphs it contained. The stone was a crucial discovery because the text of the decree appeared in three languages: not just hieroglyphs, but Demotic (the native Egyptian script), and Ancient Greek (because Egypt’s rulers were by then Greco-Macedonian). The Rosetta stone featured just 14 lines of hieroglyphs, but because scholars could still read Ancient Greek, those lines offered the first major clues toward cracking the mystery of this ancient code. Upon Napoleon’s defeat, the stone became the property of the British, although it was a French scholar, Jean-François Champollion, who made the first crucial translation breakthroughs in the 1820s. Today the Rosetta Stone can be seen at the British Museum, where a special facility had to be built to hold its weight alongside other Egyptian artifacts. :

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